Fownhope’s Heart of Oak Society traces its roots to the age of friendly societies, when communities provided their own safety net. Its anniversary celebrations reveal a tradition still very much alive, says MARK SEDDON
Turkish military operations launched late last year against Kurdish cities in the south-east such as Cizre and Diyarbakir have been extremely brutal even by Turkey’s standards.
Some 58 separate curfews have been imposed on different neighbourhoods in 21 districts of the seven Kurdish provinces of the region.
Kurdish communities are alleged to be sheltering guerillas from the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). But the military clampdown has inflicted untold destruction on homes and degraded public infrastructure, as well as displacing thousands of people and leaving hundreds dead.
CLAUDIA WEBBE looks at how Britain’s Nato ally has upped the stakes in its effort to silence domestic dissenting voices
VIJAY PRASHAD details how US support for Syrian President Ahmad al-Sharaa allowed him to break the resistance of the autonomous Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF)


