THERE WERE calls heard around the world this weekend for Russia to end its attack on Ukraine which has been going on now for five days since it violated international law and Ukraine’s sovereignty by crossing the border into that country with troops and weapons.

As the fighting continued in Ukraine’s major cities this weekend and the death toll mounted, there were new developments that offered a glimmer of hope. Ukraine and Russia agreed to hold talks in a neutral location on the border between Ukraine and Belarus.

Successful diplomacy to solve the crisis must begin with the cessation of Russian military operations in Ukraine and give serious attention to a number of critical issues.

The latest threats by Putin followed the announcement of new “crippling sanctions” by the West. They cannot be followed by yet more sanctions by the West and then more threats from Russia and then on and on until we end up in a conflagration that draws in the entire world.

This is not just a war between Russia and Ukraine. The US is a major actor and has participated for years with Nato in laying the basis for eventual conflict. Sanctions will not solve the problem and the alternative of direct war with Russia is obviously unacceptable.

Sanctions have been in place against Russia for many years and one cannot but help think that Putin knows how to get around them. He has calculated the effects of even these new sanctions in decisions he made leading up to the illegal and murderous invasion. At the very least he has figured out how to get the Russian working class rather than his billionaire capitalist friends to bear the cost of the sanctions.

Rather than relying on sanctions, the US must do everything within its powers to try and find a diplomatic solution. Failure to do this can well result in an even wider war with unimaginable consequences.

Independent Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, a leading progressive, has made this point. Sanders blamed Putin for the crisis we are now facing. He has rightly described Putin as a right-wing autocrat and a liar who has accumulated enormous personal wealth at the expense of his own people.

Sanders has also noted, however, that well before Putin ever came on the scene, Russia has had “legitimate concerns” about Nato’s expansion towards Russia. Sanders has also noted that it was dangerous for the US to ignore, for many years, all of those legitimate concerns.

Sanders also correctly warned last week about “the familiar drumbeats in Washington” and noted how the “bellicose rhetoric gets amplified before every war.”

The Vermont senator said that recognising the “complex roots of the tensions” in the region was key to fostering a peaceful resolution to the crisis. Those negotiating for an end to this war must negotiate with this in mind.

“It is good to know some history... invasion by Russia is not an answer; neither is intransigence by Nato,” Sanders said. “It is also important to recognise that Finland, one of the most developed and democratic countries in the world, borders Russia and has chosen not to be a member of Nato.”

On the issue of national sovereignty, it should be clear that no country has the right to violate internationally recognised borders and invade another country.

Unfortunately, the US has done this often in its history and it has backed the assassination of foreign leaders and replacement of their governments — Sanders estimated that this was done by the US at least 15 times. It was wrong for the US to do this and it is wrong for Vladimir Putin to do this today. The UN charter, agreed to by both the US and Russia, forbids this behaviour.

John Wojcik is editor in chief of People's World — www.peoplesworld.org.